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III. ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ CDA I°ú II ÆÇ°á
1996³â 2¿ù¿¡ Á¦Á¤µÈ ¹Ì±¹ Åë½Å¹ý (Telecommunications Act of 1996)Àº ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ °È¸¦ ³»¼¼¿ì¸ç Åë½ÅÇ°À§¹ý (Communications Decency Act: ÀÌÇÏ "CDA I"·Î å²ÇÔ)À» º°µµÀÇ íñÀ¸·Î »ðÀÔÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª CDA I´Â 1997³â 6¿ù 26ÀÏ, ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÇØ êÞúÊÆÇ°á8)À» ¹ÞÀ½À¸·Î½á ¿ª¼³ÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÎÅͳݿ¡¼ÀÇ ³»¿ë ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ µÑ·¯½Ñ Àü¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¸®Àâ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â 1997³â 6¿ù 11ÀÏ¿¡ Ææ½Ç¹Ù´Ï¾Æ ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ êÞúÊÆÇ°á9)À» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î ¹ú¾îÁø ¹ýÀû ³íÀïÀÌ Áö±ÝÀÇ °³Á¤¾ÈÀÌ ´ã°í ÀÖ´Â ³»¿ë ±ÔÁ¦ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °´°üÀûÀ¸·Î Á¡°ËÇÏ´Â ½Ã¹ßÁ¡ÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ½Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ´Ù.
êÞúÊÆÇ°áÀ» ¹ÞÀº '96³â Åë½Å¹ýÀÇ °ü·Ã ðÉÙþÀº CDA I °¡¿îµ¥ Ưº°È÷ Åë½ÅÀÇ »ó´ë¹æÀÌ 18¼¼ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ Ã»¼Ò³âÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë°í¼ ÀǵµÀûÀ¸·Î (knowingly) ¿Ü¼³ÀûÀÎ (indecent) ³»¿ë¹°À» ¸¸µé°Å³ª, Á¦ÀÛÇϰųª, Àü¼ÛÇϰųª ÇÏ´Â µîÀÇ ÇàÀ§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹ú ±ÔÁ¤°ú ³ë°ñÀûÀ¸·Î Çø¿ÀÀûÀÎ (patently offensive) àõîÜ ³»¿ë¹°À» º¸³»°Å³ª úéãÆ (display)Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ½Ö¹æÇâ (interactive) ÄÄÇ»Åͼºñ½º¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã³¹ú±ÔÁ¤À¸·Î ¿ä¾àµÈ´Ù.
"indecent"¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀº ÀÔ¹ý Á¦Á¤ °úÁ¤¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ¾ú°í Ŭ¸°Åæ ´ëÅë·ÉÀÌ ¹ý¾È¿¡ ¼¸íÀ» ÇÏÀÚ ¸¶ÀÚ ¹Ù·Î êÞúʼҼÛÀÌ Á¦±âµÈ ºÎºÐÀÎ ¹Ý¸é, "patently offensive" ±ÔÁ¤Àº º°µµÀÇ êÞúʼҼÛÀ» ÅëÇØ Ãß°¡µÇ¾ú´ø °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ °á±¹ 2°³ÀÇ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ ÅëÇÕ, ½É¸®µÇ¾ú´Ù.
Ææ½Ç¹Ù´Ï¾Æ ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿øÀº ¹®Á¦ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ êÞúÊàõ ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ÆÇ´ÜÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿ì¼± À¯ÇØ ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â¼úÀû ÓÛäе鿡 ´ëÇØ °ËÅäÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·± ÓÛäа¡¿îµ¥ û¼Ò³âµéÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¾÷°èÀÇ ÀÚÀ²Àû ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ź»ýÇÑ ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ PICS (Platform for Internet Content Selection) ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ´Ù. Áï ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» ÀÌ¿ë, »ç¾÷À» ÇÏ´Â ¿Â¶óÀÎ ¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ´Â ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í, H/W, S/W¾÷ÀÚµéÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³âµéÀÌ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â World Wide Web»óÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ºÎ¸ðµéÀÌ Á¶ÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ±â¼úÀû ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» °³¹ßÇÏ´Â µ¥ °øµ¿À¸·Î Âü¿©ÇÑ °á°ú ź»ýÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ Âü°¡ÇÑ ´ÜüµéÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿Í Åë½Å, ¹æ¼Û ºÐ¾ßÀÇ »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡ ±¹ÇÑµÈ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í ¹«¿ª ¾÷ü, ±×¸®°í ÍëìÌ´Üü µîµµ ¸Á¶óµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ÃæºÐÈ÷ °ü½ÉÀ» ²ø¸¸ ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. PICS Ç¥ÁØ (standard)Àº ³»¿ëÀÇ ÀûÁ¤¼º¿¡ µû¶ó µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±ä ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ site¸¸ PICS ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °á±¹ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±ä site¸¸ û¼Ò³âµéÀÌ ¾×¼¼½º ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ±â¼úÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.10)
¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ±â¼úÀû ÓÛäÐÀ¸·Î ½Ç¿ëÈµÈ °ÍÀº ºÎ¸ðµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý û¼Ò³âµéÀÌ ÀÎÅͳݿ¡ Á¢±ÙÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÒ ¼ö Àִ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ °³¹ßÀ̾ú´Ù. ´ç½Ã »ó¿ëȵǾú´ø °Íµé·Î´Â Cyber Patrol, CYBERsitter, The Internet Filter, Net Nanny, Parental Guidance, SurfWatch, Netscape Proxy Server, WebTrack µîÀÌ ¹Ù·Î ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Cyber PatrolÀº Micro SoftÞä°¡ 1995³â 8¿ù¿¡ °³¹ßÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ÃëÇâ°ú °¡Ä¡°ü¿¡ µû¶ó ºÎÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù°í ÆǴܵǴ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡ ´ëÇØ Ã»¼Ò³âµéÀÌ Á¢±ÙÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï °í¾ÈµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, PICS Ç¥ÁØ¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾î¼ ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» º¸ÀåÇÑ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ (ºÎ¸ð)ÀÇ ¼±Åñǿ¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÎ¸é¼ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý »ó¿¡¼ À½¶õ¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÏ´Â ±â¼úÀû ÓÛäÐÀ¸·Î¼ÀÇ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î´Â Á¡Á¡ ³Î¸® º¸±ÞµÇ¾îÁ³Áö¸¸ ÇöÀçÀÇ ±â¼ú°ú ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ ±¸Á¶»ó ƯÁ¤ »çÀÌÆ®³ª ´Ü¾î¿¡ÀÇ Á¢±ÙÀ» ¸·À» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó À½¶õÇÑ ¿µ»ó¹° (image) ÀÚü¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Â÷´ÜÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù.
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Ææ½Ç¹Ù´Ï¾Æ ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿øÀÇ Sloviter ÀçÆÇÀåÀº ÞÀîñ¿¡ À¯ÇØÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Â÷´ÜÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±â¼úÀû ÓÛäеéÀÌ ÀÎÅͳÝÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ½Ç¿ëȵDZ⿡´Â °á±¹ ±â¼úÀûÀ¸·Î³ª °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ã Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡À» ÀÎÁ¤Çß´Ù. °á±¹ 3ÀÎÀÇ Æǻ簡 ¸ðµÎ °³º°Àû ÀÇ°ßÀ» ÅëÇØ êÞúÊÀ̶ó´Â Á¡¿¡ ÀÏÄ¡¸¦ º¸¿´°í, ƯÈ÷ Dalzel ÆÇ»ç´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀ̾߸»·Î ÀÌÁ¦±îÁöÀÇ ¸ÅüÁß °¡Àå Âü¿© ÁöÇâÀû ÇüÅÂÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ °ü¿©·ÎºÎÅÍ ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀÇ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÔÀ» °Á¶ÇÑ Á¡Àº ÇâÈÄ ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ³»¿ë¹° ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀû Å°¿öµå°¡ µÇ¾î ¹ö·È´Ù.
ÀÎÅÍ³Ý À¯Çع°·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¤ºÎ°¡ û¼Ò³âÀ» º¸È£ÇÒ Çʿ伺 ÀÚü´Â °·ÂÇÔ (compelling)¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í CDA I °ü·Ã Á¶¹®µéÀº Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô "±¤¹üÀ§Çϱâ" (broad)Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ à÷ìÑÀÇ Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ħÇØÇÒ À§ÇèÀÌ ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó "º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ðÈ£ÇÏ´Ù" (inherently vague)´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î êÞúÊÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À½¶õÇϰųª (obscene), ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ (child pornography)¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ¸¸ÅÀº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Á¶»çÇÏ°í ÑÃáÍÇÒ ±Ç¸®¸¦ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿Í ¹«°üÇÔÀ» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÇû´Ù.
¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¹®Á¦ÀÇ CDA Á¶Ç׿¡ ´ëÇÑ êÞúÊ ¿©ºÎ¸¦ ƯÈ÷ 2°¡Áö Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Áï Çϳª´Â CDA°¡ ³»¿ë¹° ÀÚü¸¦ ±ÔÁ¦ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ ¸ðÈ£ÇÔÀº °ð Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ 'À§Ãà½ÃÅ°´Â ºÎÁ¤Àû È¿°ú' (chilling effect)¸¦ °¡Á®¿Â´Ù´Â ¿ì·ÁÀÌ´Ù. ¶Ç Çϳª´Â CDA°¡ ÃÖ°í 2³âÀÇ Â¡¿ªÇüÀ» ³»¸± ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Çü»çó¹ú ±ÔÁ¤À» °¡Áö°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸ðÈ£ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¤°ú ´õºÒ¾î ºÎÁ¤Àû È¿°ú°¡ ´õ ½ÉÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù.
¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÁÖÀåÇÑ Øóô¡ Á¶Ç׵鿡 ´ëÇØ °ËÅäÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Áï »ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ "à¼ëò·Î Ÿ´çÇϸç È¿°úÀûÀÌ°í, ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» µ¿¿øÇÏ¿©" û¼Ò³âÀ» º¸È£Çϸé Çü»ç»ó Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹¯Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ°í, ±¸Ã¼Àû ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Á¤ºÎ´Â À¯ÇØÇÑ ³»¿ë¹° µî±ÞÇ¥½ÃÁ¦¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ °úµµÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â ÁÖÀå¿¡ ´ëÇؼÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº À¯ÇØÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» »çÀü¿¡ "È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î (effective)" Â÷´ÜÇÏ´Â ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î´Â ÇöÀç Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¸ÀçÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ÀáÀçÀû ¼ö¿ëÀÚ±îÁö º¸È£µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÎÁö È®ÀÎÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡À» ÁöÀûÇÏ¸é¼ Øóô¡Á¶Ç×ÀÇ Å¸´ç¼º¿¡ Àǹ®À» Ç¥½ÃÇß´Ù.
°á±¹ Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ °úµµÇÏ°Ô Á¦¾àÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº µÅÁö¸¦ ±Á±â À§ÇØ ÁýÀ» Å¿ö¹ö¸®´Â °ÍÀ̶ó°í ºñÀ¯ÇÑ Sable ÆÇ°á11)À» ´Ù½Ã ÀοëÇÏ¸é¼ CDA I´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ »ó´çÇÑ ¿µ¿ªÀ» ¾ø¾Ö´Â °á°ú¸¦ °¡Á®¿Â´Ù°í ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀÌ°íµµ È®ÀεÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °Ë¿À» ÅëÇÑ ÀÌÀͺ¸´Ù´Â ¹ÎÁÖ »çȸ¿¡¼ÀÇ Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ½ÅÀå½ÃÅ°´Â ÀÌÀÍÀÌ ÈξÀ Å©´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø °Á¶ÇÏ¸é¼ CDA I¿¡ ´ëÇØ êÞúÊÀ» ¼±¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù.
CDA IÀÇ êÞúÊ ÆÇ°á ÀÌÈÄ ¹Ì±¹ ÀÇȸ´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡¼ÀÇ ³»¿ë ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ Á¤´çȽÃÄÑ ¿Ô´ø °íÀüÀû Æз¯´ÙÀÓÀ̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â 'û¼Ò³â º¸È£' (child protection)¸¦ Á¤¸é¿¡ ³»¼¼¿ö 'Child Online Protection Act' (Àϸí "CDA II", ¶Ç´Â "COPA", ¶Ç´Â Á¦¾ÈÇÑ OxleyÀÇ¿øÀÇ À̸§À» µû¼ "Oxley¹ý"À̶ó°í ºÒ¸®¿ò. ì¤ù»¿¡¼´Â "CDA II"¶ó ÀοëÇÔ)À» Á¦Á¤, û¼Ò³âµé¿¡°Ô êóúªÇÑ (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» »ó¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦°øÇÏ´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚ¸¦ úýÞÀó¹ú ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï 1998³â 10¿ù, Åë°ú½ÃÅ´À¸·Î½á ÀÎÅͳݻóÀÇ À¯ÇØ ³»¿ë¹° ±ÔÁ¦°¡ ´Ù½Ã À§Çå ³íÀï¿¡ ÈÖ¸»¸®°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. CDA II´Â À¥»çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÀÌ¿ë, 'û¼Ò³âµé¿¡°Ô À¯ÇØÇÑ' (harmful to minors) ³»¿ë¹°À» »ó¾÷ÀûÀ¸·Î ÆǸÅÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÚÅ, úýÞÀ ó¹ú·Î ±ÔÁ¦Çϱâ À§ÇØ Á¦Á¤ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¹Ì±¹ ¹Î»ç¼Ò¼Û¹ý Á¦65Á¶¿¡ ±ÔÁ¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ¿ä°Ç¿¡ µû¶ó ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿øÀº 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚ·Î CDA IIÀÇ ÁýÇà Á¤Áö¸¦ ÀáÁ¤ÀûÀ¸·Î (1998³â 12¿ù 4ÀϱîÁö¸¸ ÁýÇàÀÇ È¿·ÂÀÌ Á¤ÁöµÇ¾úÁö¸¸ ù¬Í±ÀÎ Á¤ºÎ°¡ 1999³â 2¿ù 1ÀϱîÁö ¿¬ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ µ¿ÀÇÇÏ¿´À½) °áÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ÀÎÅÍ³Ý ¿Ü¼³¹°·ÎºÎÅÍ Ã»¼Ò³âÀ» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÇȸÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ³ë·Â¿¡ Á¦µ¿À» °É¾ú´Ù.
´õ¿íÀÌ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÈ CDA IIÀÇ "harmful to minors" Á¶¹® ÀÚü´Â CDA I¿¡¼ êÞúÊ ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´ø "indecent"¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ´Ù¸¸ "obscene"À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ÎÆëùÀÇ "harmful" ´Ü¾î ¼Ó¿¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾîÁöµµ·Ï ÇÏ¿´À» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´Ü¾îÀÇ °³³ä ïÒëù¸¦ ÇÔ¿¡ À־µ Miller ÆÇ°á12)ÀÇ 3°¡Áö ±âÁØÀ» ±×´ë·Î ´ä½ÀÇÔÀ¸·Î½á êÞúÊÀ» ÇÇÇÏ°íÀÚ ³ë·ÂÇÑ ÈçÀûÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª CDA IIÀÇ º¸È£ ´ë»ó ÀÚü°¡ û¼Ò³âÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ CDA II´Â À½¶õÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ³ª¸ÓÁö, Áï ¿Ü¼³¹° ±ÔÁ¦¿¡ ÃÊÁ¡ÀÌ ¸ÂÃß¾îÁú ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø°í13), µû¶ó¼ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Å¸´ç¼ºÀº CDA I¿¡¼¿Í ¶È°°Àº ¸Æ¶ô¿¡¼ Á¢±ÙµÇ¾îÁú ¼ö¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù.
Ææ½Ç¹Ù´Ï¾Æ ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿øÀº ¹«°Å¿î úýÞÀ ó¹úÀ» ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ ÀÚü °Ë¿ (censorship)À» ÇÏ°Ô µÊÀ¸·Î½á °á±¹ Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯°¡ À§ÃàµÇ´Â 'ȸº¹ ºÒ°¡´ÉÀÇ ÇÇÇØ' (irreparable harm)°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í, ¾Æ¹«¸® ªÀº ±â°£µ¿¾È Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯°¡ »ó½ÇµÇ´õ¶óµµ ÀÌ°ÍÀº °ð 'ȸº¹ ºÒ°¡´ÉÀÇ ÇÇÇØ'°¡ µÈ´Ù14)´Â ³í¸®¸¦ µé°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¹ý¿øÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀº 1999³â 2¿ù 1ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®15)¿¡¼µµ ¹Ýº¹µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
Áï û¼Ò³â º¸È£¸¦ À§ÇÑ ³»¿ë ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ Çʿ伺Àº ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ¹ý±ÔÁ¤µéÀº Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý û¼Ò³âÀº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í à÷ìѵé±îÁöµµ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇϱâ Àü¿¡ ½Å¿ëÄ«µå ¶Ç´Â à÷ìÑ ½Äº° ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÌ ¸ÕÀú ³ªÅ¸³ªµµ·Ï À¥ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÀçÁ¶Á¤ÇÏ°Ô²û ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ¿ÀÈ÷·Á º¸È£µÇ¾îÁ®¾ß ÇÒ Á¤´çÇÑ à÷ìÑéÄ Ç¥Çö¹°±îÁöµµ °úµµÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¹Ð¾î ³Ö´Â À߸øÀ» ¹üÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù°í º¸¾Ò´Ù.16) ¶ÇÇÑ Øóô¡ ±ÔÁ¤¿¡ ÀÖ´Â '³»¿ë Â÷´Ü ÇÁ·Î±×·¥' ¿ª½Ã û¼Ò³â¿¡°Ô êóúªÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Â÷´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ´Â ³»¿ë¹°µµ °úµµÇÏ°Ô Â÷´ÜÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °ÍÀÓÀ» µé¾î ¹®Á¦ÀÇ CDA II ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ 'ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ±ÔÁ¦ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î (least restrictive manner)' Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ħÇØÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ¹üÀ§ ³»¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´ÔÀ» ÆǽÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·± ¹ý¿øÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀº 2000³â 6¿ù 22ÀÏ ³»·ÁÁø Á¦ 3 ÍÔÔõ¹ý¿ø (Circuit Court)ÀÇ ÆÇ°á¿¡¼µµ °Åµì È®ÀεȴÙ.17)
Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯´Â û¼Ò³âÀ» ÀÎÅÍ³Ý À½¶õ, ¿Ü¼³¹°·ÎºÎÅÍ Â÷´Ü½Ãų ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ Á¤´ç¼ºÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ À̸¦ À§ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ ±¸Á¶Àû Ư¼º»ó ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î Á¢±ÙÀ» °úµµÇÏ°Ô Â÷´ÜÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù´Â Á¡¿¡¼ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. Áï »çȸ¿¡¼ ³íÀïÀ» ¹úÀÏ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Â ³»¿ë¹°Á¶Â÷µµ »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °úµµÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦³ª Ưº°ÇÑ µî±ÞÁ¦¸¦ ÀüÁ¦·Î ÀÛµ¿µÇ¾îÁö´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¶§¹®¿¡ Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯°¡ º¸ÀåµÇ´Â Ʋ¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¾î¿Ã ¼ö ¾ø´Â À§ÇèÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.18) ƯÈ÷ CDA II ¿ª½Ã »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¹«°Å¿î Çü»ç ó¹úÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏ°í À̸¦ ÇÇÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½º½º·Î °úµµÇÑ ÀÚü ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À¯µµÇÏ¿´±â ¶§¹®¿¡ À§Çå ÆÇÁ¤À» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù¸é ýâûÇÒ ÇöÇà °³Á¤¾ÈÀÌ °®°í ÀÖ´Â ±Ùº»Àû ¹®Á¦Á¡À» ½±°Ô ÀÐÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¶ÇÇÑ °ø°ø µµ¼°ü (public library)¿¡¼ À½¶õ¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇϱâ À§ÇØ Æ¯º°ÇÑ Â÷´Ü ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ ÀÚü ±ÔÁ¤ÀÇ êÞúÊ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·é 1998³â 11¿ù 23ÀÏÀÚÀÇ ¹Ì±¹ ¿¬¹æÁö¹æ¹ý¿ø ÆÇ·Ê19)°¡ µµ¼°üÀÇ ¸ðµç ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ³»¿ë Â÷´Ü ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¼³Ä¡Çϵµ·Ï ÇÑ Ò®Ð®20)°¡ ¿ÀÈ÷·Á êóúªÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÇÁ·Î±×·¥±îÁö Â÷´ÜµÇ´Â °á°ú¸¦ ³º°í ÀÖÀ½À» ÁöÀûÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °Íµµ °°Àº ¸Æ¶ôÀ̸ç ÇöÀçÀÇ °³Á¤¾ÈÀÌ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â '³»¿ë¼±º° ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î'ÀÇ Àǹ« ¼³Ä¡ ±ÔÁ¤ (Á¦ 34Á¶)°ú ÁÁÀº ´ëºñ°¡ µÈ´Ù.
IV. °³Á¤¾È¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÐ¼®
1. Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ ÁÖü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¿ÀÇØ
°³Á¤¾ÈÀº ÇöÀç êÞúÊ ½É¸®¸¦ ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖ´Â Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' °³³ä ´ë½Å ±ÔÁ¦ÀÇ ´ë»óÀ» ºÒ¹ý Á¤º¸¿Í û¼Ò³â À¯ÇØ Á¤º¸·Î ±¸ºÐ, ÀüÀÚ´Â Á¤º¸Åë½ÅÀ±¸®À§¿øȸÀÇ ½ÉÀÇ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þµµ·Ï ÇÏ°í, ÈÄÀÚ´Â ³»¿ë µî±ÞÁ¦¸¦ ÅëÇØ À¯ÅëÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
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°³Á¤¾ÈÀº ƯÈ÷ ºÒ¹ý Á¤º¸ À¯Åë¹æÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÏÂ÷Àû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Á¤º¸Åë½ÅºÎ¿Í Á¤º¸Åë½ÅÀ±¸®À§¿øȸ¿¡¼ Á¤º¸Åë½Å¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ·Î º¯°æÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½À» °Á¶ÇÏ´Â µíÇÏ´Ù. Áï Á¤º¸Åë½Å¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ´Â ºÒ¹ý Á¤º¸ÀÇ À¯Åë ¹æÁö¿Í û¼Ò³â À¯ÇØ Á¤º¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã»¼Ò³â Á¢±Ù ÅëÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¹ýÀû Àǹ«¸¦ ºÎ´ãÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¼ÒÀ§ ÀÚÀ² ±ÔÁ¦ (self-regulation)·ÎÀÇ ÁøÀüÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¿µ¸® ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¿µ»ó ¶Ç´Â À½Çâ ÇüÅÂÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç »ç¾÷ÀÚ´Â ´çÇØ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÀÏÁ¤ ±â°£µ¿¾È º¸°üÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó (Á¦ 38Á¶) ºñ·Ï ¹Î°£ ´ÜüÀÇ ÀÇ°ßÀ» µè´õ¶óµµ Á¤º¸Åë½ÅÀ±¸®À§¿øȸ°¡ °ø°³¸¦ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î À¯ÅëµÇ´Â Á¤º¸¸¦ ½ÉÀÇÇÏ°í, ³»¿ë µî±ÞÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, õ®äÐÀº ÀûÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ µî±ÞÀ» Á¶Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±ÇÇѵµ °¡Áöµµ·Ï ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. (°³Á¤¾È 44Á¶) ÇÑ °ÉÀ½ ´õ ³ª¾Æ°¡ Á¤º¸Åë½ÅÀ±¸®À§¿øȸ·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ÇãÀ§ÀÇ Á¤º¸ µîÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÇÇÇØ¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¤º¸ÀÇ »èÁ¦´Â ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í ¹Ý¹Ú ³»¿ëÀÇ °ÔÀç, ¼ÕÇØ ¹è»óÀÇ Á¶Á¤µµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï (°³Á¤¾È Á¦ 42Á¶) ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ ÁÖü¸¦ »ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ÇÏ¿´´Ù´Â °Í ÀÚü°¡ ÀÌ·± ±¸Á¶¿¡¼´Â ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ¸ðµç Ã¥ÀÓÀ» »ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾ó¸¶µçÁö ï®Êª½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À§ÇèÀ» ³»Æ÷ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
´õ¿íÀÌ °³Á¤¾ÈÀº Á¤º¸Åë½Å¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚÀÇ °³³äÀ» Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ¿Í Á¤º¸Á¦°øÀÚ, Á¤º¸¸Å°³ÀÚ¸¦ Æ÷°ýÇÏ´Â ÎÆëù·Î ÆľÇ, ¿µ¸®, ºñ¿µ¸®¸¦ ºÒ¹®ÇÏ°í ºÒ¹ý ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ µû¸¥ Çü»ç ó¹úÀ» ¹Þ°Ô²û ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á °³Á¤¾ÈÀº ÀÚÀ² ±ÔÁ¦ À̳äÀÇ ½Çõ°ú´Â µ¿¶³¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ µÚ¿¡¼ Çü»ç Ã¥ÀÓÀÇ ¹«±â¸¦ °¡Áö°í Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¼û¾î ÀÖÀ½À¸·Î½á »ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ °Ë¿ ±â°ü ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ°Ô²û ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾ð·Ð ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇùÇÏ´Â ±³¹¦ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ¿À·¡ÀüºÎÅÍ ±¹Á¦ÀûÀ¸·Î ½Ã¹Î ´ÜüµéÀÌ ÁÖÀåÇØ¿Â ¹ÙÀÌ´Ù.21)
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¿ì¼± Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ´Â Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý Á¦ 3Á¶ Á¦ 1Ç׿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¤´çÇÑ »çÀ¯°¡ ¾øÀÌ Àü±âÅë½Å¿ª¹« Á¦°øÀ» °ÅºÎÇϸé Çü»çó¹úÀ» ¹Þµµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¸¸¾à ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´Ü½ÃÄÑ¾ß µÉ Á¤´çÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ Àִµ¥µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í Àü±âÅë½Å ¿ª¹« Á¦°øÀ» °è¼ÓÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â »ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ 'Çؼ®·Ð»ó ´ç¿¬È÷' ¹ýÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ³í¸®¸¦ Á¤ºÎ´Â ÃëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.22) ±×·¯³ª Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý Á¦ 3Á¶´Â Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¼ºñ½ºÀÇ °è¼ÓÀû Á¦°ø Àǹ«¸¦ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ °ÍÀ̸ç, ºÒ¹ý Á¤º¸ÀÎ °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¸é¼ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â »ç¾÷ÀÚÀÇ ¹ýÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹°À» ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ¸¸µç Á¶¹®Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ´õ¿íÀÌ Çü»ç ó¹úÀÇ ±Ù°Å¸¦ Çؼ®·Ð¿¡ ÀÇÇØ À̲ø¾î ³»´Â °ÍÀº Çå¹ý¿¡ º¸ÀåµÈ ñªúý¹ýÁ¤ÁÖÀÇ¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í Çü»ç ó¹úÀ» ¾û¶×ÇÑ Á¶¹®¿¡ ±Ù°ÅÇÑ Ì²ËݾüåîÜ ³í¸®¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Á¦½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº óÀ½ºÎÅÍ »ç¾÷ÀÚ¸¦ ±ÔÁ¦Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ¸ñÀû¿¡¼ °³Á¤¾ÈÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁ³´Ù´Â ºñÆÇÀ» ¸éÇϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù.
Á¤º¸¸Å°³ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â '´ëºÎºÐ Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ¿¡ Æ÷¼·µÇ¾îÁö±â ¶§¹®¿¡ Á¤º¸Åë½Å¼ºñ½º Á¦°øÀÚ¸¦ ±¤ÀÇ·Î ÆľÇ, ¹ýÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» µµÃâÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹«¸®°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù'°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ°¡ ³»¿ë ÅëÁ¦ÀÇ ¹ýÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áø´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¹ý ³í¸® ÀÌÀü¿¡ »ó½ÄÀûÀ¸·Îµµ ³³µæÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ¹ý ³í¸®ÀûÀ¸·Îµµ Á¤º¸¸¦ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÀÚ³ª Á÷Á¢ ¸¸µç ÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇؼµµ ³»¿ë ÅëÁ¦ÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Áö¿î´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¾ð·Ð ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Á¦¾àÇϱâ À§ÇØ Çå¹ýÀÌ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ºñ·ÊÀÇ ¿øÄ¢, ÇÊ¿äÃÖ¼ÒÇѵµÀÇ ±ÔÁ¦ ¿øÄ¢À» ½º½º·Î ±ú¶ß¸®´Â êÞúÊ Á¶Ç×À̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
2. ìãò± Ã¥ÀÓ
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Àú¼ÓÇÑ ¾ð¾î³ª ´ë»ç¸¦ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ³²¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í, Ä«. µµ¹Ú°ú »çÇà½É Á¶Àå µî °ÇÀüÇÑ »ýȰŵµ¸¦ ÀúÇØÇÒ ÇöÀúÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, Ÿ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ๰ µîÀÇ È¿´É ¹× Á¦Á¶ ¹æ¹ý µîÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â¼úÇÏ¿© ±× º¹¿ë¡¤Á¦Á¶ ¹× »ç¿ëÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÆÄ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ÷¼Ò¿¡ÀÇ Ã»¼Ò³â°í¿ë°ú û¼Ò³âÃâÀÔÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÇÏ. û¼Ò³â¿¡°Ô ºÒ°ÇÀüÇÑ ±³Á¦¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ Àְųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. 4) û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 13Á¶´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ °æ¿ì 'Á¤º¸Á¦°øÀÚ'¿¡°Ô ±×·¯ÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 5) 99 Çå°¡ 16, 2000. 6. 29 °áÁ¤. 6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
2) ¸Åü¹° °³³ä ÀÚü´Â Ùíû¡ÀÇ Á¤º¸, ÇÁ·Î±×·¥µµ ÇØ´çµÇ¾îÁö´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ïÒëùÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. (¹ý Á¦ 7Á¶) 3) º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº 14°³ÀÇ °³º° ½ÉÀÇ ±âÁØÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áï °¡. À½¶õÇÑ ÀÚŸ¦ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¹¦»çÇÑ °Í, ³ª. ¼ºÇàÀ§¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ±× ¹æ¹ý¡¤°¨Á¤¡¤À½¼º µîÀ» Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¹¦»çÇÑ °Í, ´Ù. ¼ö°£À» ¹¦»çÇϰųª È¥À½, ±ÙÄ£»ó°£, µ¿¼º¾Ö, °¡ÇС¤ÇÇÇмºÀ½¶õÁõ µî º¯Å¼ºÇàÀ§, ¸ÅÃáÇàÀ§ ±âŸ »çȸÅë³ä»ó Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ ¼º°ü°è¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ¶ó. û¼Ò³âÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ¼ºÇàÀ§¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇϰųª ¿©¼ºÀ» ¼ºÀû ´ë»óÀ¸·Î¸¸ ±â¼úÇÏ´Â µî ¼ºÀ±¸®¸¦ ¿Ö°î½ÃÅ°´Â °Í, ¸¶. Á¸¼Ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÇØ¡¤ÆøÇࡤ»ìÀÎ µî ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °¡Á·À±¸®¸¦ ÈѼÕÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, ¹Ù. ÀÜÀÎÇÑ »ìÀΡ¤ÆøÇࡤ°í¹® µîÀÇ Àå¸éÀ» ÀÚ±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¹¦»çÇϰųª Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, »ç. ¼ºÆø·Â¡¤Àڻ졤ÀÚÇÐÇàÀ§ ±âŸ À°Ã¼Àû¡¤Á¤½ÅÀû Çд븦 ¹ÌÈÇϰųª Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ¾Æ. ¹üÁ˸¦ ¹ÌÈÇϰųª ¹üÁ˹æ¹ýÀ» »ó¼¼È÷ ¹¦»çÇÏ¿© ¹üÁ˸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ÀÚ. ¿ª»çÀû »ç½ÇÀ» ¿Ö°îÇϰųª ±¹°¡¿Í »çȸÁ¸¸³ÀÇ ±âº»Ã¼Á¦¸¦ ÈѼÕÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, Â÷. Àú¼ÓÇÑ ¾ð¾î³ª ´ë»ç¸¦ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ³²¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í, Ä«. µµ¹Ú°ú »çÇà½É Á¶Àå µî °ÇÀüÇÑ »ýȰŵµ¸¦ ÀúÇØÇÒ ÇöÀúÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, Ÿ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ๰ µîÀÇ È¿´É ¹× Á¦Á¶ ¹æ¹ý µîÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â¼úÇÏ¿© ±× º¹¿ë¡¤Á¦Á¶ ¹× »ç¿ëÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÆÄ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ÷¼Ò¿¡ÀÇ Ã»¼Ò³â°í¿ë°ú û¼Ò³âÃâÀÔÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÇÏ. û¼Ò³â¿¡°Ô ºÒ°ÇÀüÇÑ ±³Á¦¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ Àְųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. 4) û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 13Á¶´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ °æ¿ì 'Á¤º¸Á¦°øÀÚ'¿¡°Ô ±×·¯ÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 5) 99 Çå°¡ 16, 2000. 6. 29 °áÁ¤. 6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
3) º¸´Ù ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº 14°³ÀÇ °³º° ½ÉÀÇ ±âÁØÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áï °¡. À½¶õÇÑ ÀÚŸ¦ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¹¦»çÇÑ °Í, ³ª. ¼ºÇàÀ§¿Í °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ±× ¹æ¹ý¡¤°¨Á¤¡¤À½¼º µîÀ» Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¹¦»çÇÑ °Í, ´Ù. ¼ö°£À» ¹¦»çÇϰųª È¥À½, ±ÙÄ£»ó°£, µ¿¼º¾Ö, °¡ÇС¤ÇÇÇмºÀ½¶õÁõ µî º¯Å¼ºÇàÀ§, ¸ÅÃáÇàÀ§ ±âŸ »çȸÅë³ä»ó Çã¿ëµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ ¼º°ü°è¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ¶ó. û¼Ò³âÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÇÏ´Â ¼ºÇàÀ§¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇϰųª ¿©¼ºÀ» ¼ºÀû ´ë»óÀ¸·Î¸¸ ±â¼úÇÏ´Â µî ¼ºÀ±¸®¸¦ ¿Ö°î½ÃÅ°´Â °Í, ¸¶. Á¸¼Ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »óÇØ¡¤ÆøÇࡤ»ìÀÎ µî ÀüÅëÀûÀÎ °¡Á·À±¸®¸¦ ÈѼÕÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, ¹Ù. ÀÜÀÎÇÑ »ìÀΡ¤ÆøÇࡤ°í¹® µîÀÇ Àå¸éÀ» ÀÚ±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¹¦»çÇϰųª Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, »ç. ¼ºÆø·Â¡¤Àڻ졤ÀÚÇÐÇàÀ§ ±âŸ À°Ã¼Àû¡¤Á¤½ÅÀû Çд븦 ¹ÌÈÇϰųª Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ¾Æ. ¹üÁ˸¦ ¹ÌÈÇϰųª ¹üÁ˹æ¹ýÀ» »ó¼¼È÷ ¹¦»çÇÏ¿© ¹üÁ˸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Í, ÀÚ. ¿ª»çÀû »ç½ÇÀ» ¿Ö°îÇϰųª ±¹°¡¿Í »çȸÁ¸¸³ÀÇ ±âº»Ã¼Á¦¸¦ ÈѼÕÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, Â÷. Àú¼ÓÇÑ ¾ð¾î³ª ´ë»ç¸¦ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ³²¿ëÇÏ´Â °Í, Ä«. µµ¹Ú°ú »çÇà½É Á¶Àå µî °ÇÀüÇÑ »ýȰŵµ¸¦ ÀúÇØÇÒ ÇöÀúÇÑ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Â °Í, Ÿ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ๰ µîÀÇ È¿´É ¹× Á¦Á¶ ¹æ¹ý µîÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î ±â¼úÇÏ¿© ±× º¹¿ë¡¤Á¦Á¶ ¹× »ç¿ëÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÆÄ. û¼Ò³âÀ¯Çؾ÷¼Ò¿¡ÀÇ Ã»¼Ò³â°í¿ë°ú û¼Ò³âÃâÀÔÀ» Á¶ÀåÇϰųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °Í, ÇÏ. û¼Ò³â¿¡°Ô ºÒ°ÇÀüÇÑ ±³Á¦¸¦ Á¶ÀåÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ Àְųª À̸¦ ¸Å°³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×°ÍÀÌ´Ù. 4) û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 13Á¶´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ °æ¿ì 'Á¤º¸Á¦°øÀÚ'¿¡°Ô ±×·¯ÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 5) 99 Çå°¡ 16, 2000. 6. 29 °áÁ¤. 6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
4) û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 13Á¶´Â ÀÎÅͳÝÀÇ °æ¿ì 'Á¤º¸Á¦°øÀÚ'¿¡°Ô ±×·¯ÇÑ Àǹ«¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 5) 99 Çå°¡ 16, 2000. 6. 29 °áÁ¤. 6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
5) 99 Çå°¡ 16, 2000. 6. 29 °áÁ¤. 6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
6) Àü±âÅë½Å»ç¾÷¹ý»óÀÇ 'ÝÕè±Åë½Å' ±âÁØÀÌ Ã»¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý 10Á¶¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î ÇÑ ±ÔÁ¦ ±âÁغ¸´Ù ¹Ýµå½Ã ³Ð´Ù°í´Â Çϱ⠾î·Æ´Ù. û¼Ò³â º¸È£¹ý ¹ý Á¦ 10Á¶¿Í ½ÃÇà·É Á¦ 7Á¶µµ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Æ÷°ýÀû ±âÁصéÀ» ´ã°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. 7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
7) ±â°£Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, º°Á¤Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ, ºÎ°¡Åë½Å»ç¾÷ÀÚ·Î ±¸ºÐÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ Çã°¡, µî·Ï, ½Å°í¸¦ Çϵµ·Ï ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. 8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
8) ACLU v. Reno, 117 S.Ct. 2329 (1997) 9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
9) American Civil Liberties Union, et al., v. Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States (civil action No. 96-963), American Library Association, Inc., et al., v. United States Dep't of Justice, et al. (civil action No. 96-1458) 10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
10) Áï PICS´Â ƯÁ¤ site¸¦ ¹èÁ¦ÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±¸Ã¼Àû ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ negative list)À» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó siteµéÀ» °¡±ÞÀû ´Ù Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄѼ µî±ÞÀ» ¸Å±èÀ¸·Î½á Á¢±ÙÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ¹æ½Ä (positive list)À» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÀÀÌ´Ù. 11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
11) Sable Communications of Cal., Inc. v. FCC, 492 US 115, 128 (1989) 12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
12) Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973), 13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
13) 1998³â 11¿ù 20ÀÏÀÚÀÇ °áÁ¤¹®¿¡¼ ´ã´ç ÆÇ»ç´Â child pornography¿Í obsceneÇÑ ³»¿ë¹°¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ËÂûÀÇ ÑÃáͳª â¤ÞÛ´Â ÀüÇô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¾ÊÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù. 14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
14) Hohe v. Casey, 868 F. 2d 69 at 72, 73 (3rd Cir. 1989) 15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
15) ACLU, et.al. v. Janet Reno, Civil Action No. 98-5591, February 1, 1999, http://www.aclu.org/court/acluvrenoII_pi_order.html. 16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
16) ³»¿ë¹° ¶§¹®¿¡ À¥ »çÀÌÆ® ¿î¿µÀÚµé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ À§ÇÑ Ãß°¡ ºñ¿ë ºÎ´ãÀ» °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº êÞúÊÀ» ÃßÁ¤ÄÉ ÇÑ´Ù´Â Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board, 502 U.S. 105, 115, (1991), Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 217 (1975) ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿ø ÆÇ°áÀÌ à»ÖÇ·Î Á¦½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville, 422 U.S. 205, 211 n.8 (1975)¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ´ë¹ý¿øÀº ´©µå¹°À» ÍëæÔÈ÷ Àü½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÁöÇÏ´Â ±ÔÁ¤À» ÁöÅ°±â À§ÇØ drive-in-theater ÁÖº¯¿¡ ´ãÀ» ½×¾Æ ¿Ã¸®´Â ºñ¿ë ¹®Á¦¸¦ °ËÅäÇÏ¸é¼ úýÞÀô¥ÛëÀ» ¸éÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¿µÈ »ó¿µÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϰųª Çö½ÇÀûÀ¸·Î Áö³ªÄ£ °æÁ¦Àû ºÎ´ãÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ¼±ÅÃÀÇ °¿ä´Â Ç¥Çö ÀÚÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§ÇØ°¡ µÈ´Ù°í ÆǽÃÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. 17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
17) http://pacer.ca3.uscourts.gov:8080/C:/InetPub/ftproot/Opinions/991324.txt 18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
18) ÀÌ·± ¿ì·Á´Â ƯÈ÷ ACLU°¡ ÀÛ¼º, 1997³â 8¿ù¿¡ °øÇ¥ÇÑ 'Is Cyberspace Burning? How Rating and Blocking Proposals May Torch Free Speech on the Internet'(http://www.aclu.org/issues/cyber/burning.html)¿¡ Àß ÁöÀûµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. 19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
19) Mainstream Loudoun v. Loudoun County Library Board of Trustees »ç°Ç, http://www.pfaw.org/courts/loudoun-ruling.html ÂüÁ¶. 20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
20) 1997³â 10¿ù 20ÀÏ, Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library´Â "Policy on Internet Sexual Harassment"¶ó´Â ҮЮ¸¦ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¨ç µµ¼°üÀº e-mail, ´ëȹæ, Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇǸ¦ Á¦°øÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ¨è ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â ¾Æµ¿ Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ, À½¶õ¹°Àº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í û¼Ò³â (juveniles)¿¡°Ô Çطοî (harmful) ³»¿ë¹°À» Â÷´ÜÇÒ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» Àǹ«ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß Çϸç, ¨é ¸ðµç µµ¼°ü ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ´Â µµ¼°ü Á÷¿øµéÀÌ Àß º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÏ°í, ¨ê ÀÌ¿ëÀÚµéÀº Æ÷¸£³ë±×¶óÇÇ ³»¿ë¹°À» °Ë»öÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ¿ë ÁßÁö¿¡ ÀÀÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì °æÂûÀ» ºÎ¸¦ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â 4°³ ±ÔÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. êÞúÊÀÇ ½Ãºñ°¡ ºÙÀº °ÍÀº 2¹ø° ºÎºÐÀÌ´Ù. 21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
21) http://www.gilc.org/speech/ratings/gilc-oecd-398.html 22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
22) Á¤º¸Åë½Å¸Á ÀÌ¿ëÃËÁø µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ¹ý·ü °³Á¤¾È °øûȸ ÀÚ·á, 2000. 7. 20 23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
23) INCORE (Internet Content Rating for Europe)°¡ 2000³â 4¿ù¿¡ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ º¸°í¼ (Self-labelling and filtering)¿¡¼ °Á¶ÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ÁßÀÇ Çϳªµµ ÃÖÁ¾ ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ°¡ Á¤º¸ÀÇ ¼±ÅñÇÀ» °¡Áú ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. http://www.ipso.cec.be/iap/INCOREreport.doc 24) ƯÈ÷ °ø¸³ Çб³¿¡¼ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¸¸µç ³»¿ë µî±Þ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ Àǹ«ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é ÞÖßÌÀÇ ÅëÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ êÞúÊ ½Ãºñ¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 25) °¢ÁÖ 22ÀÇ °øûȸ ÀÚ·á ÂüÁ¶.
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